高层建筑火灾事故分析及预防——基于安全系统工程理论模型
(上海工程技术大学管理学院, 上海 201620)
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[摘 要] 基于安全系统工程理论模型对高层建筑火灾进行研究。以上海市静安区胶州路教师公寓特大火灾事故为例,绘制事故树并进行分析,将火灾致因因素归结为人、物、管理和环境四个角度。在致因因素及事故树分析的基础上,建立高层建筑火灾事故安全控制的系统模型,为分析火灾发生机理,制定科学、合理、有效地预防高层建筑火灾的措施提供依据。[关键词] 高层建筑;火灾;事故树;结构重要度系数Abstract: Shanghai Jiaozhou road high-rise building fire accident is used as an example to make research on the high-rise building fire accidents based on safety system engineering theory model. The fault tree is drawn. The direct and indirect reasons of the accident are analyzed and combined into four factors: human, object, management and environment. Based on the analysis on the causing factors and the fault trees, established the theoretical safety control system model of high-rise building fire accidents. According to the model, the corresponding countermeasures for high-rise building fire prevention are put forward, providing the basis to analyze the fire accidents mechanism and to prevent high-rise building fire accidents scientifically, reasonably and effectively.Key words: high-rise buildings; fire accident; fault tree; structural importance coefficient[参考文献][1]肖睿夫.上海11.15教师公寓特大火灾事故调查[R].2012.12.[2]徐志胜,吴超.安全系统工程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007.[3]陆大才.安全系统工程模型在火灾危险性分析评价中的比较[J].消防管理研究,2009(12).[4]郑乐.高层建筑火灾风险分析及对策研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2009(10).[5]王韩明.生态安全系统评价与预警研究[J].环境保护,2003(11).[6]施式亮,卢本陶.事故树分析可视化理论模型及系统开发[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2004(6).[7]阳富强,吴超,覃妤月.安全系统工程学的方法论研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2009(8).[8]龙腾腾,王辉东,王秋华,张辉.高层建筑火灾事故致因理论模型构建研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011(5).建筑经济,2014(4):47-50