现有工程安全责任体系与管理体系的悖论分析
(1.华中科技大学土木工程与力学学院,湖北 武汉 430074;2.清华大学建设管理系,北京 100084)
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[摘 要] 当前工程建设安全管理在一定程度上存在“责任体系”与“管理体系”的悖论。一方面,工程安全责任体系以施工单位为核心,施工单位的安全管理责任最为繁重,应承担的法律责任也最为严厉;另一方面,工程安全管理实践以建设单位为龙头,但建设单位屡屡不遵循科学规律,盲目压缩工期和造价。为解决这一悖论,应进一步明确建设单位和勘察设计、施工、监理单位的法律属性,强调建设单位就工程安全对社会公众负责的理念和相应的“监督和注意责任”,为工程安全管理提供更好的制度环境。[关键词] 工程安全;责任体系;管理体系;悖论分析Abstract: In the present construction industry conflict exsits between safety responsibility and management system. On one hand, the contractors have not only taken full and detailed management duties, but also severe legal responsibilities. Thus the safety responsibility system is established around of contractors. On the other hand, some of employers tend to unreasonably reduce the schedule and cost, which cause serious hidden trouble or even accidents. To resolve this conflict, the legal positions of employers, designers, contractors and consultants need to be redefined. The social responsibility and related supervision and notice duties should be emphasized for employers, so as to create a more reasonable institutional environment for construction safety management.Key words: construction safety; responsibility system; management system; paradox analysis建筑经济,2013(3):9-12