我国建筑企业的动态效率评价
(1.南京审计学院江苏省公共工程审计重点实验室, 江苏 南京 211815;2.南京审计学院国际审计学院, 江苏 南京 211815;3.南京审计学院经济学院, 江苏 南京 211815)
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[摘 要] 采用数据包络分析(DEA)模型和Malmquist生产率指数对我国建筑企业的经营效率进行分析。研究结果表明:我国建筑企业总体上效率偏低且各区域建筑企业的效率不平衡,我国三大区域建筑企业的经营效率西部高于东部,东部高于中部,纯技术效率和规模效率也基本上是这种趋势。我国建筑企业生产存在着明显的投入拥挤和产出不足现象,特别是劳动力投入拥挤程度较大,产出也有较大的潜力可挖。[关键词] 数据包络分析,建筑企业,规模效率,技术效率Abstract: The method of Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist productivity index are used to analyze and evaluate the changes of efficiency of construction enterprises. The results show that the technical efficiency of construction enterprises is on the low side on the whole, the imbalance of technical efficiency exists in three regions: the technical efficiency of west region is higher than east region, and east region is higher than middle region of China, the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency are as well. The input crowding and the output insufficiency are evident in the construction enterprises, especially the work force input crowding is on the high side, in addition, the output potential is great.Key words: Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA); construction enterprises; scale efficiency; technical efficiency[参考文献][1]Xue Xiaolong, Shen Qiping, Wang Yaowu, et al. Measuring the productivity of the construction industry in China by using DEA-based Malmquist productivity indices[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2008,134(1):64-71.[2]李忠富,邹心勇,李国良.中国建筑业全要素生产率的变迁:1996~2005年实证分析[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(11):106-111.[3]胡季英,冯英浚.建筑企业绩效评价方法研究[J].重庆工学院学报,2004,18(5):94-96.[4]陆歆弘,金维兴.中国建筑业产出增长因素分析[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2005,11(3):320-325.[5]Charnes,A.,Cooper, W.W.,Rhodes,E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,1978(2):429-444.[6]Banker, R. D., A. Charnes, W. WCooper. Some models[7]Farrell M.J. The measurement of productive efficiency[J].Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, General,1957,120:253-281.[8]王国顺.技术、制度与企业效率——企业效率基础的理论研究[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2005.[9]Cavas, et al. Multilateral comparisons of output, input and productivity using superlative index numbers[J]. Economic Journal,1982,86:73-86.[10]Fare R,Grosskopf S,Norris M,et al.Productivity growth,technical progress,and efficiency change in industria-[11]陈勇,唐朱昌.中国工业的技术选择与技术进步:1985-2003[J].经济研究,2006(9):50-61.建筑经济,2011(11):9-13