试论招投标改革重构:从“择优筛选”回归“合同缔约”
(荆州市公共资源交易中心,湖北 荆州 434000)
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摘要:机器管招投标与评定分离两项改革均以投标人择优筛选为核心导向,偏离招投标法定缔约本质。本文以交易成本与有限理性为分析框架,梳理智能评审形式化、定标权避险执行、履约成本错配三大制度症候,构建评标分权、匿名答辩、分级定标、分项担保、统筹落地五维重构体系,推动招投标治理重心由前端投标人筛选转向工程全生命周期契约管控。关键词:招投标;合同缔约;制度重构Abstract:The two mainstream reforms including machine-managed bidding and evaluation-award separation take bidder selection as core orientation,which deviates from the statutory nature of contract formation. Based on transaction cost and bounded rationality theory,this paper sorts out three institutional problems such as formalized intelligent evaluation,risk-averse exercise of award power and mismatched performance costs. A five-dimensional reconstruction system consisting of decentralized evaluation,anonymous defense,tiered award judgment,segmented guarantee and integrated implementation is constructed,shifting the core of bidding governance from pre-bidder screening to full-life cycle contractual control of engineering projects.Keywords:bidding;contract formation;institutional restructuring参考文献[1] 曹永泽.“评定分离”试点问题商榷[J].中国招标,2023(8):45-48.[2] 花园园,刘思佳,唐吟秋,等.大型工程项目分包的管控机制研究——基于交易成本的视角[J].建筑经济,2024(4):57-64.[3] 邬洪明,冯林军,沈智超.“评定分离”及其定标要素设置研究——基于杭州市萧山区第三阶段试点项目调研[J].招标采购管理,2023(7):24-27.[4] 许熠堃,陈心怡,沈维良.对加强工程建设领域“评定分离”监管的思考[J].中国招标,2023(9):73-75.[5] 张汉亚,邓冰.考虑交易费用的工程招标机制设计[J].建筑经济,2008(8):87-89.建筑经济,2026(9):12-15
