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工程发承包阶段造价控制风险分担优化研究
严鹏 吴恒 林冠宏
(1.广西民族大学,广西 南宁 530006;2.广西南宁昇桂建设工程管理有限公司,广西 南宁 530000;3.广西建设职业技术学院,广西 南宁 530006)
文献要素
摘要:有效确定与控制建筑安装工程费是政府投资项目发承包阶段造价管控的重点。与建筑安装工程费管控有关的技术管理风险分担规则与发承包双方专业能力不匹配是项目出现造价失控的根源。基于风险与能力匹配的“有效控制原则”,构建“风险分配—市场机制—造价控制效果”模型,通过招标文件策划和投标评审规则优化,激励承包人发挥专业能力深度参与合同价格形成并承担全部技术管理风险,解决影响造价控制的工程量清单缺漏、综合单价不完整、最高投标限价约束力不足、合同价格形式选择不当等关键问题,实现清单单价或合同总价在风险范围内固定的造价控制效果,并结合造价改革项目验证。
关键词:政府投资建设项目;工程发承包;造价控制风险;风险分担;优化
Abstract:Effectively determining and controlling construction and installation costs constitutes a core focus of cost management for government-invested projects during the contracting phase. The fundamental cause of cost overruns in such projects stems from the mismatch between technical management risk-sharing rules pertaining to construction and installation cost control and the professional capabilities of contracting parties. Grounded in the "effective control principle" of aligning risk with capability,this paper develops a "risk allocation-market mechanism-cost control effect" model. Through optimizing the formulation of bidding documents and bid evaluation criteria,contractors are incentivized to leverage their professional expertise to engage deeply in contract price formation and assume full responsibility for technical management risks. This approach addresses critical issues impeding cost control,including omissions in bills of quantities,incomplete composite unit prices,inadequate binding force of maximum bid limits,and improper selection of contract pricing formats,thereby achieving fixed list unit prices or total contract prices within predefined risk boundaries. The efficacy of this framework is validated with reference to cost reform projects.
Keywords:government-invested construction projects;engineering tendering and contracting phase;cost control risks;risk sharing;optimization
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建筑经济,2025(10):33-37
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