基于特征价格模型的大城市绿色基础设施外部性影响与布局优化路径
(1.厦门大学建筑与土木工程学院,福建 厦门 361005;2.厦门大学城乡规划设计研究院,福建 厦门 361005;3.深圳市新城市规划建筑设计股份有限公司,广东 深圳 518000;4.北京汉通建筑规划设计有限公司,北京 100102)
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摘要:公益主导的要素特征和指标导向的规划模式,往往导致绿色基础设施的经济价值被低估和生态服务低效等问题。以福建省厦门市为例,应用特征价格法,研究大城市绿色基础设施的影响范围、交互机制并评估其服务效益。研究发现:1)林地、水体、公园绿地等不同类型绿色基础设施的有效服务范围依次递减。2)多种类型绿色基础设施的交互可产生正向增益作用,但随着叠加类型的增多,增益幅度减弱。3)厦门市中心区绿色基础设施的服务已趋向全覆盖,但局部多类型多要素的服务叠加带来一定程度的土地价值流失;近远郊生态服务的均等化则需进一步加强。基于此,提出构建山海城湾生态格局,挖掘自然要素服务功能,优化公园绿地空间布局等建议,研究旨在为大城市绿色基础设施高质量发展和高效益服务提供参考。关键词:绿色基础设施;外部性;影响机制;特征价格法;厦门Abstract:The characteristic features of public welfare and indicator-oriented planning models often lead to the undervaluation of the economic value of green infrastructure and inefficient ecological services. Using Xiamen City in Fujian Province as a case study,this paper applies the hedonic pricing method to investigate the impact scope and interaction mechanisms of green infrastructure in large cities and assess its service benefits. The study finds:1)The effective service range of different types of green infrastructure,such as forests,water bodies,and park green spaces,decreases sequentially. 2)Interactions among multiple types of green infrastructure can generate positive gains,but the magnitude of these gains diminishes with an increasing number of overlapping types. 3)The green infrastructure services in the central area of Xiamen City have tended toward full coverage,but the overlapping services of multiple types and elements in certain areas have resulted in some loss of land value;equalization of ecological services in the near and far suburbs needs further enhancement. Based on these findings,the study proposes suggestions to construct an ecological pattern of mountains,seas,cities,and bays,explore the service functions of natural elements,and optimize the spatial layout of park green spaces,to provide references for the efficient and sustainable development of green infrastructure in large cities.Keywords:green infrastructure;externalities;mechanisms;hedonic pricing method;Xiamen参考文献[1] 刘滨谊,张德顺,刘晖,等.城市绿色基础设施的研究与实践[J].中国园林,2013(3):6-10.[2] 吴伟,付喜娥.绿色基础设施概念及其研究进展综述[J].国际城市规划,2009(5):67-71.[3] 刘海龙,李迪华,韩西丽.生态基础设施概念及其研究进展综述[J].城市规划,2005(9):70-75.[4] 陈忠暖,刘燕婷,王滔滔,等.广州城市公园绿地投入与环境效益产出的分析——基于数据包络(DEA)方法的评价[J].地理研究,2011(5):893-901.[5] 詹运洲,李艳.特大城市城乡生态空间规划方法及实施机制思考[J].城市规划学刊,2011(2):49-57.[6] 木皓可,高宇,王子尧,等.供需平衡视角下城市公园绿地服务水平与公平性评价研究——基于大数据的实证分析[J].城市发展研究,2019(11):10-15.[7] 黄玖菊,林伊婷,陶卓霖,等.社会公平视角下深圳公园绿地可达性研究[J].地理科学,2022(5):896-906.[8] 刘艳艳,王泽宏.城市公园供给社会公平研究——以广州市中心城区为例[J].中国园林,2020(9):82-86.[9] 王松涛,郑思齐,冯杰.公共服务设施可达性及其对新建住房价格的影响——以北京中心城为例[J].地理科学进展,2007(6):78-85+147-148.[10] 沈体雁,于瀚辰,周麟,等.北京市二手住宅价格影响机制——基于多尺度地理加权回归模型(MGWR)的研究[J].经济地理,2020(3):75-83.[11] A Hedonic Pricing Method to Estimate the Value of Waterfronts in the Gulf of Mexico[J]. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2019(41):185-194.[12] Lazareva E,Dong Y. Measuring the Value of Urban Green Space Using Hedonic Pricing Method[J]. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences,2021,Economic and Social Trends for Sustainability of Modern Society(ICEST-II 2021).[13] 李奇会,周伟忠,高亮.我国房地产业发展中面临的新问题及发展模式创新研究[J].建筑经济,2023(8):5-11.建筑经济,2024(10):91-98