大城市混合利用住房建设的探索与实践
(1.天津城建大学经济与管理学院,天津 300384;2.天津城建大学建筑学院,天津 300384;3.天津城建大学城乡建设与发展研究中心,天津 300384)
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摘要:我国城市尤其大城市住房结构性矛盾依旧突出,伴随创新驱动发展、人口老龄化等机遇与挑战,混合利用住房建设的探索与实践将丰富住房发展新模式的内涵。在总结国际混合利用住房建设经验基础上,构建“社会共生-经济互溢-主体联动”的分析框架,针对混合理念创新不足、建设技术标准缺失及激励约束机制不健全等现实问题,提出相应的策略思考:一是加快混合利用住房规划,打造“青银共居”社区、科技产业社区及新老市民混合社区等主题社区;二是探索混合尺度、混合比例等技术标准,精准对接群体需求;三是建立差异化激励约束机制,引导市场、社会主体积极参与混合利用住房建设。关键词:混合利用住房;人口老龄化;存量更新;社会融合Abstract:The structural contradiction of housing in Chinese cities,especially in large cities,is still prominent. With opportunities and challenges such as innovation driven development and aging population,the exploration and practice of mixed-use housing construction will enrich the connotation of new housing development models. On the basis of examining the experience of international mixed-use housing construction,this article constructs an analytical framework of “social symbiosis,economic spillover,and subject linkage”. In response to practical problems such as insufficient innovation in mixed concepts,lack of construction technology standards,and inadequate incentive and constraint mechanisms,corresponding strategic considerations are proposed:first,accelerate the planning of mixed-use housing,and create “Youth and Silver Co living” communities theme communities such as technology industry communities and mixed communities of new and old citizens;the second is to explore technical standards such as mixing scale and mixing ratio,and accurately connect with the needs of the group;the third is to establish a differentiated incentive and constraint mechanism,guiding the market and social entities to actively participate in the construction of mixed use housing.Keywords:mixed utilization;population aging;stock update;social integration参考文献[1] Musterd,S.,Andersson,R. Housing Mix,Social Mix,and Social Opportunities[J]. Urban Affairs Review,2005(6):761-790.[2] Arthurson,K. Urban Regeneration,Scale and Balancing Social Mix[M]. Brotherhood of St Laurence,2008b.[3] 焦怡雪.促进居住融和的保障性住房混合建设方式探讨[J].城市发展研究,2007(5):57-61.[4] 单文慧.不同收入阶层混合居住模式——价值评判与实施策略[J].城市规划,2001(2):26-29.[5] 孙斌栋,刘学良.美国混合居住政策极其效应的研究评述——兼论对我国经济适用房和廉租房规划建设的启示[J].城市规划学刊,2009(1):90-97.[6] 王丽艳,王振坡.构建我国城市和谐居住空间的对策思考[J].经济纵横,2007(6):32-34.[7] Musterd,S. Residents’ views on social mix:social mix,social networks and stigmatisation in post-war housing estates in Europe[J]. Urban Studies,2008(4):897-915.[8] 徐琴.论住房政策与社会融合——国外的经验与启示[J].江淮论坛,2008(5):90-94.[9] 吕程.大城市不同阶层居住生活方式的冲突与融合——居住混合与社会融合的理论、实践与反思[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2019(2):47-53.[10] 夏方舟,刘唱.靶向居住分异的国土空间规划中混合社区优化设计研究[J].南方建筑,2021(2):56-62.建筑经济,2023(12):12-17