摘要：从建设单位、建筑企业和建设项目的三方耦合关系出发，在微观层面上探究“工程分包困局”的成因。由于总包商在项目治理中的双重身份，工程分包中出现的许多问题都可以在项目采购环节找到原因。“工程分包困局”的根本原因在于我国建筑业在转型期存在的一些结构性问题，这些问题严重削弱了总包商的竞争力，并且使受诟病的“包工队”模式得以存续。不解决这些问题，即使政府取消了对分包的限制，也未必能真正走出困局。

关键词：建设项目治理；资源库；企业竞争力；总包商；包工头

Abstract：From a point of view of the coupling relationships between clients，construction firms and construction projects，the dilemma of subcontracting in the construction industry is explored at the micro level. Because of the dual role of general contractors in project governance，many problems in subcontracting process can be attributed to those in project procurement process. The root cause of the dilemma of subcontracting lies in some structural problems in China’s construction industryin its transition period，which severely undermine the competitiveness of general contractors，making notorious mode of ‘labor contractingteam’ survive. It would be impossible to get out of the dilemma without these problems being solved，even if the restrictions on subcontracting had been removed by the government.

Keywords：construction project governance；resource base；firm competitiveness；general contractor；labor contractor

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