摘要：调查河南1129位居民对自然采光、人工照明、自然通风、温度、湿度、声环境、空气质量等七个室内环境要素的重视程度与满意度现状。经排序和IPA分析，结果表明：冬季空气质量和夏季温度高重视、低满意，需以功能提高为目标、总成本最低为约束，优先对要素功能进行改善；冬夏季湿度、冬夏季声环境和夏季人工照明低重视、低满意，应进行功能提高和总成本最低的双目标优化改善；冬季人工照明低重视、高满意，可以不明显降低要素功能为约束，以总成本最低为目标进行成本优化；自然通风、自然采光和冬季室内温度高重视、高满意，宜以总成本降低为目标、功能不变为约束，进行优化改善。
关键词：居住建筑；室内环境；功能；成本；优化
Abstract：The paper investigates 1129 residents in Henan Province on their degree of importance and satisfaction of seven indoor environment elements，including natural lighting，artificial lighting，natural ventilation，temperature，humidity，sound environment and air quality. Through sorting，IPA analysis，factor analysis，analysis of variance and independent sample test，the results show that the air quality in winter and the temperature in summer are highly valued but not satisfied，so function should be taken as the primary optimization objective. The humidity in winter and summer，the sound environment in winter and summer and the artificial lighting in summer are low attention and low satisfaction，so the function should be improved and optimized under the premise of reasonable cost. Winter artificial lighting is low attention，high satisfaction，can not significantly reduce the function of the premise of cost optimization. Natural ventilation in winter and summer，natural lighting in winter and summer and indoor temperature in winter are highly valued and highly satisfied，so it is advisable to continue to maintain and seek for cost optimization methods with unchanged functions.
Keywords：residential building；indoor environment；optimization；function；cost
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